Source: http://news.feedzilla.com/en_us/stories/politics/top-stories/296479239?client_source=feed&format=rss
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Wednesday, April 3, 2013
New genetic evidence suggests a continuum among neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders
Apr. 2, 2013 ? A paper published this month in the medical journal The Lancet Neurology suggests that a broad spectrum of developmental and psychiatric disorders, ranging from autism and intellectual disability to schizophrenia, should be conceptualized as different manifestations of a common underlying denominator, "developmental brain dysfunction," rather than completely independent conditions with distinct causes.
In "Developmental Brain Dysfunction: Revival and Expansion of Old Concepts Based on New Genetic Evidence," the authors make two key points:
? Developmental disorders (such as autism and intellectual disability) and psychiatric disorders (such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder), while considered clinically distinct, actually share many of the same underlying genetic causes. This is an example of "variable expressivity:" the same genetic variant results in different clinical signs and symptoms in different individuals. ? When quantitative measures of neuropsychological and neurobehavioral traits are studied instead of categorical diagnoses (which are either present or absent) and individuals are compared to their unaffected family members, it is possible to more accurately demonstrate the impact of genetic variants.
According to Andres Moreno De Luca, M.D., research scientist at the Autism and Developmental Medicine Institute at Geisinger Health System and article co-author, "Recent genetic studies conducted in thousands of individuals have shown that identical genetic mutations are shared among neurodevelopmental disorders that are thought to be clinically distinct. What we have seen over the past few years is that genetic mutations that were initially found in individuals with one disorder, such as intellectual disability or autism, are then identified in people with an apparently different condition like schizophrenia, epilepsy, or bipolar disorder."
"It turns out that the genes don't respect our diagnostic classification boundaries, but that really isn't surprising given the overlapping symptoms and frequent co-existence of neurodevelopmental disorders," said Scott M. Myers, M.D., autism specialist at Geisinger Health System and article co-author.
"We believe this study supports use of the term 'developmental brain dysfunction' or DBD, which would encompass the broad spectrum of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders," said David H. Ledbetter, Ph.D., executive vice president and chief scientific officer at Geisinger Health System, and article co-author. "Additionally, it is clear that diagnostic tools such as whole genome analysis for both children and their families are essential when diagnosing and treating these disorders in order to ensure the most personalized treatment."
An example used in the study was analysis of intelligence quotient (IQ) scores. The average IQ score in the general population is 100. Historically, the medical community has defined intellectual disability as an IQ of less than 70 (with concurrent deficits in adaptive functioning). But according to Dr. Ledbetter, there is little difference in the function of a child with an IQ of 69 versus 71, yet one may be diagnosed with a disability and the other may not.
"We know a variety of factors contribute to IQ score, including genetics, as a child's IQ is highly correlated with that of his or her parents and siblings. Therefore, an important factor to take into consideration when interpreting IQ is family background," said Dr. Ledbetter. "Imagine if we have a child with a genetic abnormality, but the child's IQ is 85. Technically, we would not diagnose this child with a disability. However, if the family of this child has IQs around 130, we could consider that this child's genetic anomaly has 'cost' him or her 45 IQ points -- a very substantial difference."
According to Dr. Myers, "One implication of this concept is that studies designed to investigate the causes and mechanisms of developmental brain dysfunction should focus on measurement of quantifiable neuropsychological and neurobehavioral traits across groups of individuals with different clinical diagnoses. Another is that whenever possible, individuals with a particular genetic variant or other risk factor should be compared to their unaffected family members, not just to population norms."
Other authors on the paper were Thomas Challman, M.D. of Geisinger; Daniel Moreno De Luca, M.D., of Yale University, New Haven, Conn.; and David Evans, Ph.D., of Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pa.
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Geisinger Health System, via Newswise.
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
Journal Reference:
- Andres Moreno-De-Luca, Scott M Myers, Thomas D Challman, Daniel Moreno-De-Luca, David W Evans, David H Ledbetter. Developmental brain dysfunction: revival and expansion of old concepts based on new genetic evidence. The Lancet Neurology, 2013; 12 (4): 406 DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70011-5
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_health/~3/p_nM1XEl6xs/130402182454.htm
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Tuesday, April 2, 2013
PFT: Weeden is Browns' starter by default?
Getty ImagesFormer NFL head coach and player Jack Pardee has passed away at age 76, multiple media outlets reported Monday.
Ted Pardee, Jack?s son, said his father passed away from complications of gallbladder cancer,?Mark Berman?of Fox 26 in Houston reported.
Pardee coached the Bears from 1975-77, leading Chicago to the postseason in his final campaign. After the 1977 season, he took the Redskins? coaching job, leading Washington from 1978 through 1980. He won NFL Coach of the Year honors in 1979 after Washington posted a 10-6 mark.
Let go after the 1980 season, Pardee would go on to coach the USFL?s Houston Gamblers (1984-1985) and the University of Houston (1987-1989) before taking the Oilers? job in 1990. He led the Oilers to the postseason in each of his first four seasons, but Houston managed just one playoff win in that span. After a 1-9 start in 1994, Pardee resigned and was replaced by Jeff Fisher.
Including playoffs, Pardee?s career NFL coaching record was 88-82 (.518).
Before another generation came to know him for his work on the sidelines, Pardee had a decorated career as a player. He was an All-American?at Texas A&M under Bear Bryant, playing linebacker and fullback. He entered the NFL with the Los Angeles Rams in 1957 and would play 15 seasons in the league, twice earning?All-Pro honors (1964, 1971).
An academic All-American and a member of the College Football Hall of Fame, Jack Pardee was born April 19, 1936 in Exira, Iowa.
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Web Design Tips For The Experienced Programmer | Synergy ...
Are you interested in producing creative and useful web design? Do you have goals you want to achieve, but are not sure how to go about them because you do not understand how to design a website? You can cultivate better web design skills and boost your knowledge of the subject by taking a look at the handy suggestions that this article will provide.
Pay attention to the colors on your website to make sure they match. You have to be certain that your text will be readable on top of the background colors you use. A dark color for foreground text against a light background is often more readable for most audiences. Soliciting feedback from a friend can help you determine how effective your color scheme is if you develop doubts about it.
Photoshop is software which is important to learn if you wish to get into web design. Many people are not familiarized with Dreamweaver software, so research this program to see what it can offer you and your website design.
Try using a favicon on your Internet site. A favicon will help users who add your website to their bookmark see your page more easily. As they look through their bookmark list, your favicon will stand out more than the bookmarks of other sites. When designing a favicon, ensure it?s consistent with the logo and theme of your site.
If you find yourself needing to create many similar pages in a subsection of your site, use one of those pages as a template. Rather than rewriting new code for each page, simply copy a main section of your code from the first page. You can then use this as the foundation for your next pages, making minor changes where needed. By doing this, you can continue to use the master copy over and over again.
Be sure to factor in ample time to work on web design. Designate longer periods of time for these improvements, instead of doing small bits now and then. Working hard on your various sites as you learn helps you retain the information you learn better.
Whilst development platforms can be helpful as they create your web code for you, some of them can be very unreliable, and you may actually find using a generic text editor is a better option. A WYSIWYG editor allows you to drag and drop, cut and paste, and basically create a website as you would a word processing document. However, if you would like to keep the errors to a minimum, and increase your experience, then obtaining classic text editor would be the way forward.
Consider using shared hosting and avoid the VPS or dedicated host. This is because when your site is new you will have no idea how much traffic it will receive, and the last thing you want to do is pay for bandwidth that you don?t need. Remember, you can always upgrade your web hosting if needed.
This helps with your design process, since you learn as you work. As soon as you figure one aspect of site design out, you should attempt to tackle another. It may take a longer time to build a functioning site, but you will know enough to create dozens of websites when you finally learn what you need to know.
Now that you know what it takes to design a great site, are you confident to get started today? Apply these tips to guide your researches and efforts to create a website that reflects the professionalism of your company and attracts more potential customers.
At Web Design Glasgow, we help businesses get more visitors and convert visitors into customers using various online marketing techniques such as Search Engine Optimisation, Email Marketing and Social Media Marketing.
We are a member of Synergy Business Services Club. If you would like to receive articles important for your business, please subscribe to SBS Newsletter using the following form:
Source: http://www.synergybusinessservices.co.uk/blog/web-design-tips-for-the-experienced-programmer/
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Apple issues apology following attacks in China
BEIJING (AP) ? Apple apologized to Chinese consumers after government media attacked its repair policies for two weeks in a campaign that reeked of economic nationalism.
A statement Apple posted in Chinese on its website Monday said the complaints had prompted "deep reflection" and persuaded the company of the need to revamp its repair policies, boost communication with Chinese consumers and strengthen oversight of authorized resellers.
State broadcaster CCTV and the ruling party's flagship newspaper, People's Daily, had led the charge against the iconic American company. They accused Apple of arrogance, greed and "throwing its weight around" and portrayed it as just the latest Western company to exploit the Chinese consumer.
The attacks quickly backfired, though, and were mocked by the increasingly sophisticated Chinese consumers who revere Apple and its products. State-run media also inadvertently revived complaints over shoddy service by Chinese companies.
Nonetheless, Apple responded with an apology from CEO Tim Cook.
"We've come to understand through this process that because of our poor communication, some have come to feel that Apple's attitude is arrogant and that we don't care about or value feedback from the consumer," Cook's Chinese statement said, as translated by The Associated Press. "For the concerns and misunderstandings passed on to the consumer, we express our sincere apologies."
Although Apple enjoys strong support from Chinese consumers, the vehemence of the attacks and the importance of the Chinese market appeared to have persuaded the company to smooth its relations with Chinese consumers and authorities.
The People's Daily newspaper ran an editorial last Wednesday headlined "Strike down Apple's incomparable arrogance."
"Here we have the Western person's sense of superiority making mischief," the newspaper wrote. "If there's no risk in offending the Chinese consumer, and it also makes for lower overheads, then why not?"
Chinese observers accused People's Daily of gross hypocrisy and pointed out that the newspaper had maintained a stony silence when Chinese companies were implicated over food safety, pollution and other scandals. Meanwhile, CCTV was shamed when it emerged that celebrities had been recruited to blast the company on Weibo, China's version of Twitter, in what had been billed as a grassroots campaign.
"The public responded in two ways to this incident," popular commentator Shi Shusi wrote on his Weibo account. "One group supports this criticism but quite a number of people felt that there are state monopolies which have severely violated customer's rights, but which are not being exposed."
Popular business magazine Caijing said its readers identified a long list of abusers, including state banks that lend to those with political connections while stiffing ordinary savers with low rates on deposits; a government oil company that sets gas prices and other rates as it sees fit; and state telecom providers notorious for their lack of customer service.
"If media is going to go after Apple, let's hope they spare some thought for those big Chinese communications companies and other monopolies, the ones that enrich special interests in the name of being publicly owned," Cai Tongqi, a lawyer from the eastern province of Jiangsu, wrote on Weibo.
Consumers thus far seem unfazed by the state media's attacks on Apple Inc.
Perusing the wares at an Apple reseller in Beijing's tony China World mall, recent college graduate Zeng Lu said she considered the controversy a sign of the Chinese consumer's growing maturity.
"It's great to see Chinese consumers standing up for their rights, but it's ridiculous for the People's Daily to get involved," Zeng said. "They should be criticizing state companies instead."
Apple's popularity flies in the face of China's ardent attempts to push its own brands and develop internationally competitive companies. The company also has resisted trends to enter joint ventures and move research and development to China. It also ignores big state media such as CCTV and People's Daily. Apple relies on Chinese factories, though, to make iPads, iPhones and other popular products.
Despite the government's pressures, sales of Apple products in the region, which includes Taiwan and Hong Kong, grew 67 percent to $6.8 billion in the first three months of 2013, compared with the same period a year earlier, according to the company. Apple sold 2 million iPhone 5s during the first weekend it was available in China, in December.
The region is Apple's third largest market, accounting for 13 percent of all sales last year. More than 17,000 outlets sell its products in mainland China, a figure that includes 11 Apple stores and 400 premium resellers. In January, Cook said he expects China to replace North America as its largest source of revenue in the foreseeable future.
The attacks on Apple center on complaints over Apple's repair policies in China ? specifically its practice of only replacing faulty parts rather than providing new iPhones, as it does in other markets. Critics say that allows Apple to avoid having to extend its service warranty by another year. Until Monday, the Cupertino, California-based company had kept silent apart from issuing a statement March 23 explaining its repair policy and pledging its deep respect for the Chinese consumer.
Yet consumers and analysts say the complaints hardly justify Beijing's campaign of vilification. Such nationalist outbursts are not uncommon, although previous campaigns against foreign companies have often been tied to perceived national slights, as often befalls Japanese firms. Beijing accused Google of being an arm of American "information imperialism" after the company announced in March 2010 that it would cease censoring its search responses inside mainland China and instead send visitors to its uncensored search engine in Hong Kong.
Beijing is also angry over Washington's efforts to exclude Chinese high-tech firms including Huawei Technologies Ltd. and ZTE Corp. from the U.S. market, amid worries over security. A spending bill signed by President Barack Obama two weeks ago includes a clause barring NASA, the National Science Foundation and the Justice and Commerce Departments from contracting with firms tied to the Chinese government.
Washington and Beijing have also sparred over more recent hacking attacks, including a highly influential report by cybersecurity firm Mandiant that tied Chinese hacking to a unit of the People's Liberation Army based in Shanghai.
Apple, however, may have been singled out simply because it is "the biggest open target," said Jim McGregor, senior counselor at consultancy APCO Worldwide.
"We're still seeing a lot of things wrapped up in economic nationalism," McGregor said.
Even before Monday's apology, he had predicted Apple would make some sort of show of contrition to get its relations with the Chinese authorities back on track.
Duncan Clark, managing director of BDA China Ltd., a Beijing research firm, said the assault probably stems from a combination of factors, including the failure of Chinese companies to make breakthroughs in high-end consumer electronics.
"There's a general sense of frustration that China can't move further up the value chain," Clark said.
___
Online:
Apple statement (in Chinese): http://www.apple.com.cn/support/warranties
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/apple-issues-apology-following-attacks-china-175215293--finance.html
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3 Geeks and a Law Blog: CANO: Blawgers Who Shamelessly Drop ...
Turns out that some legal bloggers are using a system of mentioning company names in order to boost traffic to their blogs. This strategy, known as Company Alert Name Optimization (CANO), takes advantage of companies like Thomson Reuters, LexisNexis, and BloombergLaw, including?subsidiaries like BNA, CCH, Practical Law Company, Matthew Bender, and even smaller companies like Hein Online, Fastcase, Casemaker, and Jones McClure Publishing, all in the hopes that those companies have alerts that will funnel traffic set up by products like Google Alerts, WestClips, Lexis Publisher,?InfoNgen,?ShiftCentral, Eqentia, Manzama, Ozmosys, FellSoft, Vocus, Aurora WDC, or Digimind. The practice is pretty shameful, yet seems to work very well in drawing traffic from those monitoring their company or competitor brand names.
CANO isn't just limited to company names. Some legal bloggers go as far as to name law firms by name. The bigger the better. So, AmLaw 100 firms like Baker & McKinzie, DLA Piper, Greenberg Traurig, Hogan Lovells, Jones Day, Kirkland & Ellis, Latham & Watkins, Sidley Austin, Skadden, White & Case are all prime cases for CANO strategists. A larger list of firms that are commonly mentioned are listed below.
CANO strategists are extremely crafty in constantly finding creative ways of bringing traffic to their blogs. Some will even mention other popular legal blogs in the hopes that they are monitoring their brand. The Blawg100 Winners from the previous year are prime candidates for CANO strategists to use. Blogs like Legal As She Is Spoke, The Velvet Hammer, Divorce Discourse, Wills, Trusts & Estates Prof Blog, Lowering the Bar, IPWatchdog, Inside the Law School Scam, The Delaware Employment Law Blog, Koehler Law, Abnormal Use, Groklaw, SCOTUSBlog, California Corporate & Securities Law, and The Legal Writing Prof Blog are all creatively inserted in to blog posts that may or may not have anything specifically related to the topic of the post.
Beware of CANOs. Their name-dropping strategy may lure you onto their site, but once you're there, you find out that the topics may not cover things like Gay Marriage Supreme Court arguments, or BigLaw Billable Hour Churning at all. It is simply a strategy to artificially increase webstats in order to drive advertising from companies like Google Ads, or Amazon, or Apple, or Bing. They go as far as to republish, or link out their CANO activities on social media sites like Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Instagram, Tumblr and more.
So a word of warning to you on this April 1st, beware of the CANOs and their ability to mention company names that are not relevant to their blog posts. Some of the common names are list below:
Adams and Reese
Akerman Senterfitt
Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld
Alston & Bird
Archer & Greiner
Arnall Golden Gregory
Arnold & Porter
Baker Donelson Bearman Caldwell & Berkowitz
Ballard Spahr
Bancroft
Barnes & Thornburg
Becker & Poliakoff
Berger Singerman
Best Best & Krieger
Bingham McCutchen
Boies, Schiller & Flexner
Bracewell & Giuliani
Braff, Harris & Sukoneck
Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck
Bryan Cave
Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft
Cahill Gordon & Reindel
Carlock Copeland & Stair
Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton
Cohen Milstein
Cohen Milstein Sellers & Toll
Connell Foley
Connolly Bove Lodge & Hutz
Conrad & Scherer
Cooley
Cooper & Kirk
Cozen O'Connor
Davis Polk & Wardwell
Debevoise & Plimpton
Dechert
Dickie McCamey & Chilcote
Dilworth Paxson
DLA Piper
Doffermyre Shields Canfield & Knowles
Dorsey
Dorsey & Whitney
Drinker Biddle & Reath
Duane Morris
Fish & Richardson
Flaster Greenberg
Fox Rothschild
Freehills
Freshfields
Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer
Fulbright & Jaworski
Ganfer & Shore
Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher
Greenberg Traurig
Hangley Aronchick Segal & Pudlin
Herbert Smith
Hoagland Longo Moran Dunst & Doukas
Hogan Lovells
Holland & Knight
Horton, Shields & Knox
Horvitz & Levy
Jenner & Block
Jones Day
K&L Gates
Kabateck Brown Kellner
Kilpatrick Townsend
Kirkland & Ellis
Klehr Harrison Harvey Branzburg & Ellers
Koskoff, Koskoff & Bieder
Kramer Levin Naftalis & Frankel
Latham & Watkins
Locke Lord
Manatt, Phelps & Phillips
Mandelbaum, Salsburg, Gold, Lazris & Discenza
Marshall, Dennehey, Warner, Coleman & Goggin
McCarter & English
Mintzer Sarowitz Zeris Ledva & Meyers
Montgomery McCracken Walker & Rhoads
Morgan, Lewis & Bockius
Morrison & Foerster
Nixon Peabody
Norris, McLaughlin & Marcus
Nossaman
O'Melveny & Myers
Obermayer Rebmann Maxwell & Hippel
Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe
Paul, Hastings, Janofsky & Walker
Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison
Perkins Coie
Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pitman
Proskauer Rose
Quinn Emanuel Urquhart & Sullivan
Rawle & Henderson
Reed Smith
Robbins Geller Rudman & Dowd
Robinson & Cole
Ropes & Gray
Rothstein Rosenfeldt Adler
Saltzman Chetkof & Rosenberg
Seyfarth Shaw
Shaub, Ahmuty, Citrin & Spratt
Sheppard, Mullin, Richter & Hampton
Simpson Thacher & Bartlett
Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom
SNR Denton
Sprague & Sprague
Squire, Sanders & Dempsey
Stark & Stark
Sullivan & Cromwell
The Pagan Law Firm
Thompson Hine
Thorp Reed & Armstrong
Weil, Gotshal & Manges
White & Case
Williams & Connolly
Willkie Farr & Gallagher
Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr
Wilson Elser Moskowitz Edelman & Dicker
Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati
Winston & Strawn
Wood Smith Henning & Berman
Young, Conaway, Stargatt & Taylor
Source: http://www.geeklawblog.com/2013/04/cano-blawgers-who-shamelessly-drop.html
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Monday, April 1, 2013
5 Last Minute Tax Tips That Are Often Overlooked ... - Yahoo! Finance
The midnight rush to get your taxes filed by April 15th is going to be heavier than usual this year, as up to 25% of taxpayers are estimated to wait until the final two weeks to take care of this annual headache.
But according to Yahoo!'s Farnoosh Torabi, host of Financially Fit and author of Psych Yourself Rich, taking advantage of a few simple tips and "investing in professional assistance" can more than pay for itself. For this installment of Investing 101, we outline five last minute tax tips that are frequently overlooked but can make the difference between getting a refund and writing a check.
1) Keep Records for All Charitable Activity
Writing a check to the Red Cross may be "an obvious deduction" but Torabi says there are lots of quirky costs involved in giving that aren't so clear cut. For example, she says be sure to keep track of things like "the mileage you use driving from charity to charity" or the cost of the "the ingredients you purchased" to make meals for the local soup kitchen. The point is, it's not just about giving money when it comes to making this deduction work for you, it's also about first rate record keeping.
2) Avoid Obvious Audit Red Flags
While Torabi says under-reported income is one of the most common traps tax filers fall into, there are others. For example, she says "the IRS actually has an equation to kind of base you against the average charitable deduction in your tax bracket."
So if you earn $50-$100,000 annually and claim to give $20,000 a year to charity, you can expect an audit since the "average contribution" in this income bracket is just $2600. In addition, she says one of the most abused and misunderstood deductions surrounds writing off the costs of a home office, pointing out that the IRS requires the space to be used exclusively and solely for business purposes. "If you have an office but also use it as a guest room or exercise room, you can only measure the space where the desk is."
3) Pay for Professional Tax Assistance
Given the amount of money at stake, Torabi says the average cost of just $246 for an accountant to help with an itemized return is "totally worth it." The same goes for some cheap software programs that cost as little as $50. However, she says if you own a business, actively trade stocks, or earn freelance income, the need for a professional eyes to look over your returns is even greater.
4) e-Filing Saves Time, Money and Headaches
If you're lucky enough to get one, everyone wants their tax refund as fast as possible, and Torabi says there's no better way to keep things moving quickly than to file electronically. In addition, she points out that it is also easier to do than traditional postage and clumpy envelopes, but even more so, can keep the tax man from coming after you. "The IRS says when you e-file you have a much lower chance of hearing from them down the road," she says.
5) Running Behind? Ask for an Extension
If April 15th is just coming too fast, Torabi says filing for a 6-month extension is not only east, it's automatic. And compared to simply blowing off the deadline, this simple form requires very little be done in order to kick your deadline all the way to mid-October from mid-April. The only caveat, she says, is if you file for an extension you need to estimate whether or not you will owe money, because if you do, you still have to pay by April 15th.
Source: http://finance.yahoo.com/blogs/breakout/5-last-minute-tax-tips-often-overlooked-140739302.html
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